Beowulf Essays (740 words) - Beowulf, Geats, English-language Films

Beowulf The Beginning of the End From the depths of the deepest ocean I see an object falling from the waters smooth surface. Perhaps it is a haughty human that has come to repay the death of an auspicious friend that I feasted on. Or even better, maybe Beowulf has come complacently into the waters, which I have ruled for half a century. Yes, it is Beowulf. He has come begging for revenge for the death of the closest friend of his precious King Hrothgar. I will show him who has controlled this sea for the last 50 years, and who will continue to control it for eternity. I give Beowulf an extremely warm welcome. I clench him in my claws and squeeze him with all my might, yet I cannot penetrate the mail worn over his breast. I have always considered humans extremely weak for wearing this protective gear. They never can bear the excruciating pain that my species has learned to endure. I then decide to bring this helpless human home and put on an exhibition for my friends. Because there is no realistic chance that I will lose, I will surely gain respect among them. As I begin to beat Beowulf, he suddenly and swiftly swings his sword my way. It is a perfect shot to my head, but I feel absolutely no pain. He must be acerebral to think that his weapons can begin to amount to the sheer strength exhibited by myself. Because Beowulf is dazed at the fact that his weapons are unable to inflict pain upon his greatest enemy, I find it a very propitious time to make my next move. I fiercely tear and claw at him with all of my energy. He is taking mighty blows to the head, shoulder, chest, and anywhere else I find convenient to place my claws. Once and for all I show the inferiority of his armor by puncturing his helmet with my vicious bite. This tiny human has more courage than I imagined. He leaps back up and begins the attack. First, he drops his sword. I nearly laughed at the sight of this. Do you actually believe you can destroy me with only your human hands? I say. There was no reply. He only comes charging at me harder. Beowulf grabs me by the shoulder and throws me to the floor in a rage driven by anger. I will not have this in my home! I will not be beaten by a man of the human race! I shouted. In an instant I snatch him from the floor and initiate the brutal beating, which will finally put an end to Beowulfs pathetic life. I continue to rip and tear at him as he falls to the ground. The strongest of the humans is falling to a monster of the sea! Imagine that! It comes as no surprise to me. Beowulf is now helpless in the tight grasp of my claws. It is time to put and end to the life of my opponent. I raise the dagger over my head in preparation of piercing the heart of Beowulf. It is long, sharp, and sure to penetrate the strong mail shirt. I can see the terror in Beowulfs eyes as he gazes at the dagger and spots the stains of my last victim. This is the point that I have forever been longing for. I pull the dagger down toward Beowulf and it suddenly stops when it touches the mail shirt. I then think of the gigantic sword hanging on the wall. It is impossible for a human to lift the sword, so I am in no rush. I soon discovered that Beowulf is an exception to my previous statement. Somehow he manages to lift the sword over my head and swing it with all of his strength. I see the long sword fly through the air in the direction of my neck. From above the waters calm surface, the clouds, and the heavens I see myself lying lifeless on the floor of the deep sea. Beowulf rejoices obnoxiously at the sight of my dead body. He, the human, has slain the most powerful monster of the ocean. This will only be the

Matchpoint vs oedipus Essay Example

Matchpoint vs oedipus Essay Example Matchpoint vs oedipus Essay Matchpoint vs oedipus Essay The assumptive assignment will have two parts. Part 1: Blob/Soundtrack Assignment For this part of the assumptive task, you are required to select at least 4 songs which, you believe, would work on a soundtrack to The Kite Runner. On the blob you will post a link to the song and write liner notes. For each song/poem, you must include the following in your liner notes: discuss the theme/message of the song; what is the Eng about? Identify at least three literary devices and explain their significance discuss why this song would be an appropriate selection for The Kite Runner Here are some ideas/themes that we discussed in class: Friendship and Brotherhood Rape and Sexual Abuse Gender Roles and Expectations Classicism and Chattels Betrayal, Guilt and Redemption The Immigrant Experience Escaping the past History and Politics in Afghanistan Your blob should have a title, unity, and flow. The songs should make sense together and the progression of the songs should create a drama, or arouse feelings from the Sistine. Think beyond simply the plot of the novel, and make connections to the themes, ideas, mood, tone, characters/characterization, locations discussed, etc.. As long as you can draw a clear connection between the chosen tracks and the novel, you have succeeded! NOTE: If you decide to quote something from The Kite Runner you must cite It using MILA format. To submit your blob, you Just have to post the link to the class Dà ©modà © page. You will also be presenting your blob to the class. As a part of your reservation, you will pick one song to play and present. In the presentation, you must discuss why you picked this song for the soundtrack, identify literary devices, and explain how the song relates to a theme in The Kite Runner. Part 2: Poetry Explication/ Analysis of a Poem (Test): This part of your assumptive assignment will be done in class. Category Knowledge Student has an appropriate selection of songs; student has Identified at least 3 separate literary devices; student has a clear understanding of the text and poetic elements Thinking Student analyzes the songs and establishes a clear connection to the novel; the songs work together and the progression of the songs make sense 110 Communication Student speaks clearly, is able to answer questions and back up their opinions by relating the song to events in the text; written communication: spelling, grammar, MILA citations Application shows evidence of thought and effort; blob is organized and creative, and clearly relates to the novel; unity between the design of the blob and the chosen songs

Women in Western Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Women in Western Culture - Essay Example Women in the Asian or Middle Eastern culture do not have equal human rights as compared to the women Western societies. As Rebrisorean states, â€Å"the social position of women in Muslim countries is worse than anywhere else† (1). Severe cases of gender discrimination occur quite often against them not only professional but also in educational environment. In some parts of Asian countries like Pakistan, Afghanistan, and India, women are considered slaves of men. If we talk about Middle Eastern counties, the condition is not very different. Women of Middle Eastern countries neither have equal social position nor professional position. The role of most of the women of such societies is to live like perfect housewives who are fully obedient to their husbands. Women of Saudi Arabia even do not have the right to drive cars which shows the mindset of people regarding women in Middle Eastern countries.  However, when we talk about the effect of age on women in Asia or Middle Easte rn societies, the case is not that negative. For example, older women are given due respect in these cultures. Children take care of their mothers and other older females relatives as much as they can. They even do not speak in loud voice when talking with older women. Women in the Asian or Middle Eastern culture earn more respect by the time they start getting older. They live with their children and grandchildren at home who take care of them and provide them will all love and care they need. Women in the African culture enjoy the least amount of freedom.... Women of Saudi Arabia even do not have the right to drive cars which shows the mindset of people regarding women in Middle Eastern countries. However, when we talk about the effect of age on women in Asia or Middle Eastern societies, the case is not that negative. For example, older women are given due respect in these cultures. Children take care of their mothers and other older females relatives as much as they can. They even do not speak in loud voice when talking with older women. Women in the Asian or Middle Eastern culture earn more respect by the time they start getting older. They live with their children and grandchildren at home who take care of them and provide them will all love and care they need. They do not have to do jobs to earn their livings rather their children provide them with all necessities of life which make the life of older women even more relaxing and pleasant. Summing it up, we can say that although women do not enjoy equal rights in Asian and Middle East ern cultures, but they get a great respect and care from the society when they get older. Women in African Culture Women in the African culture enjoy the least amount of freedom if compared with the women of the rest of the world. In Africa, women are not given due respect or status in the society. They usually live a dejected life because of some pathetic rituals, customs, and traditions. Even in case of marriages, women are not supposed to present their choice to their elders. Their elders arrange marriages for them and they have to submit their will to the choice of their elders. In African culture, women are generally considered inferior to men in every field of life. They

Industry analysis of UK beer industry Dissertation

Industry analysis of UK beer industry - Dissertation Example Added to this is the slowly eroding public perception of beer due to rising incidents of binge drinking among the young. Above all, the industry which hitherto had been dominated by many small and medium scale breweries and family-run community pubs appears to be undergoing consolidation, with the small businesses facing closure or acquisition by larger, more efficient beer companies and multinationals. From all indications, the beer industry appears to be undergoing a paradigm shift. The problem with this scenario is that the British pub and small breweries are widely regarded as part of British cultural heritage going back by more than a millennium. While other commercial ventures may pass into oblivion because they have ceased to be relevant or useful, what appears to be the inevitable disappearance of the community pub and local brewer is lamented by many Britons as the death of a vital part of the nation’s identity, and must not be allowed to happen. ... From all indications, the beer industry appears to be undergoing a paradigm shift. The problem with this scenario is that the British pub and small breweries are widely regarded as part of British cultural heritage going back by more than a millennium. While other commercial ventures may pass into oblivion because they have ceased to be relevant or useful, what appears to be the inevitable disappearance of the community pub and local brewer is lamented by many Britons as the death of a vital part of the nation’s identity, and must not be allowed to happen. More than its sociological significance, the traditional beer industry is a valuable contributor to the country’s coffers, its gross domestic product, and is the source of livelihood of many small business owners, their employees, and their respective households. Because of its importance, a study of the industry with the use of PESTEL and Porter’s Five Forces models was conducted by this dissertation, in order to assess the external environment and internal competitive industry structure in which the traditional brewery and pub industry operates, in the aftermath of the recent economic crisis. Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Background of the Research Topic For over a thousand years, beer has been a staple item in British consumption pattern and an indispensable feature in this country’s social milieu (Watson, 2010). The beer industry is a very important contributor to the UK economy since the national drink of UK is beer with a market worth of 53 billion (Pavey, 2011).The beer industry has undergone a lot of changes in UK since the early 1960s when the brewing industry had a difficult time to the globalized era which saw

Thermography technique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Thermography technique - Essay Example Thus a complete surface temperature map of the object can be obtained in a non-contact manner. With appropriate calibration, it is also possible to get the absolute temperature values of any point on the surface of the object. Standards are required for calibration and these standards are materials of known emissivity in the temperature range of calibration. Infrared refers to a region of spectrum between the visible and microwave. The infrared spectrum extends from 0.75 mm to 1000 ?m wavelength range. However for practical applications it is the 1 – 15 ?m wavelength band, which is used. The properties of infrared radiations are similar to those of other electromagnetic radiations like light. These radiations travel in straight lines; propagate in vacuum as well as in solid, liquid and gases. These radiations can be optically focussed and directed by mirrors and lenses. The laws of geometrical optics are valid for infrared radiations as well. The energy and intensity of infrar ed radiation emitted by an object primarily depends on its temperature and can be calculated using the analytical tools such as Wein’s law, Plank’s law and Stefan Boltzmann law. When a body is heated, there is an increase in the temperature and emitted energy. The spectrum of infrared radiation emitted by a heated object contains a continuous band of wavelength over a specific range. The fundamental equations or radiation laws that link the absolute temperature of the emitting object, peak radiation, the intensity and wavelength are the Plank’s Law, the Stefan-Boltzmann Law and the Wein’s Displacement Law. The Plank’s law describes the spectral distribution of radiation intensity from a black body and is mathematically expressed as: [Wm-2sr-1?m-1] †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (1) Where, W? = Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength ? (?m) c = 3x108 m/s is the velocity of light in vacuum h = 6.634 x10-3 4 Js is Plank’s constant k = 1.4 x10-23 J/K is Boltzmann’s constant T is absolute temperature of the blackbody Spectral radiant emittance of a blackbody at different temperatures is shown in Fig.1 [1]. Fig. 1: Spectral radiant emittance of a blackbody at different temperatures It can be seen in Fig. 1 that total energy radiated by a blackbody i.e. area under the spectral radiant emittance increases with increasing temperature of the blackbody. Further it can be seen that maxima of the spectral radiant emittance is shifting towards lower wavelength with increasing temperature of the blackbody. If one differentiates equation (1) with respect to ? and equates the differential to zero then one gets the relationship between the temperature of the blackbody and the wavelength corresponding to the maximum spectral radiance. This relationship is known as Wein’s law and is mathematically expressed as [2]: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (2) Where, ?max is the wavelength corresponding to the maximum spectral emittance T is absolute temperature of the blackbody This equation supports left ward shift of the spectral emittance peak with increasing temperature of the blackbody as in Fig. 1. Integrating equation (1) with respect to ? between the limits ? = 0 to ? for a given temperature T of a blackbody, one gets total radiant power emitted into a hemisphere from the blackbody. This relationship is known as Stefan’s-Boltzmann law and is mathematically expressed as: Total emittance [W/cm2] †¦

Re-patronage Intentions in Restaurants

Re-patronage Intentions in Restaurants The relationship between Dining attributes Customer satisfaction and Re-patronage Intentions in Restaurants ABSTRACT This Research is intended to study the relationship between dining attributes, customer satisfaction and customers re-patronage intentions in the perspective of the restaurant industry. The respondents were 105 restaurant patrons who completed the self constructed questionnaire. Optimal Scaling (CATREG) indicated that dining attributes and customer satisfaction has a positive association on customers re-patronage intentions. This analysis highlighted Dining Attributes and customer satisfaction is significant predictors to customers re-patronage intentions. As in comparison Customer Satisfaction is stronger predictor then Dining Attributes. Key words: Dining Attributes, Customer Satisfaction, Re-patronage Intentions, Restaurant Industry INTRODUCTION In this research the main focused is to find the direct effect of Dining attributes Customer satisfaction on Customers Re-patronage intentions in Restaurants Industry. The dining practice is the part of hospitality industry which is very complex as in term of customer satisfaction and expectation meet. This difficulty is due to the level of customer participation in the service procedure (Kandampully, 1997; Parasuraman, Zeithaml, Berry, 1985). Customers view of the dining perceptive is highly linked by intentions from the dealings with the service agent. Nightingale (1979). In the model in Figure 1, this shows the relationship between dining attributes customer satisfaction and Re-patronage intentions in restaurants. Also, the dining service classification is based in response of customer feedback, telling that service quality exist barely in the insight of the customer, not in that of service providers (Kandampully, 1997). As conclude that, understanding of customer wants about the dining practice becomes very essential part to in the success of restaurants. The purpose of study fold in two parts: one suggests that how important is dining attributes in term of Re-patronage intentions and second part suggest the customer satisfaction which leads Re-patronage intentions in restaurants. The role of dining attributes and customer satisfaction is very important for knowing the customer intentions, would they will visit to that restaurants again or not. Restaurants should focused not only quality food and service but to retain the level of satisfaction and like to delight the customer. Customer wants should be met and this way customer will feel satisfy and willing to come again in restaurants. In this dynamic environment meeting customer requirement is difficult task as it varies from customer to customer. Achieving the customer satisfactions will leads towards market share as well as loyalty towards your restaurants. Restaurant is like a brand in hospitality industry and to maintain the progress of brand its necessary to keep the effective measure in terms of customer demands and fulfillments. While considering the dining practice, dining attributes has large number of factors that influence the customers demands and satisfaction and in review of research there is food, service, ambience and convenience in corporate as part of research. Customer satisfaction is mostly measure as expectancy disconfirmation model which tells that if customers expectation met that shows customer is satisfied. To be in need of success of restaurants its very important for the manager of the restaurant to meet the customer requirements and demands should be fulfill as per customers perceptions. Dining practice is a combination of quality and service provided by restaurants providers. Basically the restaurants industry based on valuing to customer and their wants should be met. The general concept of dining experience is most critical while considering influential factor cause its not necessary the review research focused on all factors which are treated as dining factors. The point of view in this paper recommend that the customers dining decision whether to return back or not to revisit restaurant is the moment of final truth for the restaurateur, as contrasting to simply customers decision to revisit the restaurant. As Lowenstein (1995) conclude, it is one thing to be a magnet for the customers, but reasonably another to remain them returning. If we are to admit the notion, in consumer studies and marketing literature that come again or repurchase is an outcome of satisfaction, then the conclusion to revisit to the restaurant, while conducting this research observation made that customer decide to re-patronage on bases of performance met or expectation exceed. LITERATURE REVIEW Whether we live to eat or eat to live, food always plays a fundamental role in the lives of human being. The significance of foodstuff cannot be overstated from the physiological viewpoint; food gives us sustenance; while on the other hand from a psychological point of view food is classified as a basic need. Food can also characterize a product used to describe self-actualization. Therefore, individual can quarrel that above and beyond provided that nourishment food plays a variety of roles together at individual and group level (David Njite, 2005). Eating is observably a daily action and necessity for all human beings. Depending on individuals reason for eating at restaurants, individual intentionally or instinctively assess a multifarious set of attributes ahead of choosing a restaurant. The significance involved to these restaurant attributes is ultimately evaluated in the patrons mind, leading to a decision of purchasing. Some factors, like age, company and even social division come into take part in to amplify these attributes as the customer makes a decision of purchase (David Njite, 2005). In todays fast rapidity and progressively more competitive market, the base line of a firms promotion and marketing strategies, tactics and procedure is to make profits and add to the growth of the company. Customer satisfaction, contentment, quality of the service, excellence and retention are global matter that influences all organizations. This include all type of organizations, it can be large or small, global or local profit or non-profit, services provider (Yap Sheau Fen, Kew Mei Lian). The restaurant industry has undoubtedly not been free from either augmented competition or from increasing customer expectations regarding quality. In the greatly competitive food industry, large operators chain have a propensity to gain competitive gain in the course of cost leadership, likely only due to standardization and economies of scale beginning from large market shares, while smaller, independent restaurants on the other hand endeavor to gain benefit through differentiation (Yun Lok Lee and Nerilee Hing, 1995). The food industry is highly aggressive and patrons have also become more demanding due to sufficient knowledge and information they have about the different trends in restaurant industry which causes increase the significance of effective marketing strategies to get the competitive advantage in order to understand the wants and needs of the customers (David Njite, 2005). Numerous companies are paying attention in studying, assessing and implementing the marketing strategies with the aim of gaining maximum market share of customers and improving customer retention in analysis of the advantageous effects on the monetary performance for the organization. Customer satisfaction, contentment, quality of the service, excellence and retention are global matter that influences all organizations. This include all type of organizations, it can be large or small, global or local profit or non-profit (Yap Sheau Fen, Kew Mei Lian). Customer satisfaction is defined as the consumers fulfillment response. It is a judgment that the service or product features, its attributes provided a delightful level of consumption associated achievement including levels of under fulfillment or over fulfillment (Jochen Wirtz, Anna s. Mattila, Rachel l. P. Tan, 2000).This definition of satisfaction proposes that the assessment method covers the whole utilization experience. This feature is essential in the learning of consumer satisfaction in services, given the empirical, interactive character of service encounter (Bateson and Hoffman, 1999). Customer satisfaction is a key element for the planning of the marketing in view of the fact that satisfaction does sway customers intention to re-patronage the restaurant. Therefore, marketers are supposed to look into the issues that would have an effect on customer satisfaction intensity. Besides, as customer prospect are altering over time and it is advised to determine the customer satisfaction and expectation on regular basis and grip complaints timely and effectively (Yap Sheau Fen, Kew Mei Lian). Customer satisfaction is regularly used as a sign of whether patrons will come back to a restaurant. Whereas there is no agreement of a satisfied customers repeat visit, it is nearly certain that a not satisfied patron will not return. A study of the basics or attributes of patron satisfaction be supposed to give indication concerning what action a restaurant service manager must take to raise the probability that patrons will appear back. It appears that study is not often concluded that the remarkable rate of malfunction in the restaurant service industry advices that the management can find the targets of converting patron satisfaction into financial achievement a vague one. We accept as true that restaurant failures are partially a consequence of managements lack of strategic direction in determining and focusing on customer contentment and satisfaction (Dube, Laurette, Renaghan, Leo M, Miller, Jane M, 1994) The majority of the preceding customer satisfaction researches are mentioned in the literature that has pay attention on recognizing the resource of customer contentment such as characteristic and attributes and on determining useful ways to establish consumers desires, wants and needs. On the other hand, significant dissimilarity comes out in the level of specify of the characteristic investigated (JaksÃÆ'?a Kivela, Robert Inbakaran, John Reece, 1999). Customer satisfaction is vital to the restaurant management for the reason that it is normally assumed to be a noteworthy determinant of replicate sales, customer loyalty and affirmative word of mouth. The more pleased the customers, the larger are their retention (Anderson and Sullivan, 1993). The impacts of customer satisfaction on customer retention are bringing into being to be momentous and positive. Specially, the customer satisfaction will influence the re patronage intentions (Taylor, S. A., and Baker, 1994). Quality is defined as a nil defects doing it right for the first time. Information and knowledge about goods quality is inadequate to recognize service quality. In customers mind when there is no defect in the overall dining service, then they consider the quality of the food is good enough for them (Parasuraman et al., 1985). Quality is all about eliminating internal failures that means all shortcomings before the product leaves from the factory and the external failures are the defects after usage of the product (Garvin 1983). In Early research and study efforts in measuring and defining quality were mainly centred in the tangible goods, whereas the apparently more complicated services products was ignored. Products quality was conventionally correlated to the technical stipulation of products, with the most description of quality coming up from the manufacturing goods sector where excellence and quality control has inward drawn out awareness and research (Gronroos, 1990). The significance of elevated quality service given to business success, there are various prospective benefits for the management of restaurants from performing a customer-based assessment of the service quality veteran at their organization. In restaurant industry, the intangible nature of services means that particular specifications for the homogeneous quality of service are complicated if at all probable to set. This sometimes put together it difficult for restaurant managers, workforce and patrons to calculate, measure, assessment or confirm service productivity and service quality (Yun Lok Lee and Nerilee Hing, 1995). A restaurant service engages a route or a performance in which customers are involved in the overall service production process. This happens due to the interaction of the consumers with the service surroundings and personnel throughout the utilization experience, understanding consumers sentimental response become vital in replicating satisfaction in a service locale. Earlier research in services has made known that affective processes throughout the consumption phase might play a straight, unmediated role in determining customer satisfaction (Liljander and Strandvik, 1996). Quantifying service quality is a difficult task because the idea of service quality is intrinsically insubstantial in nature and complicated to define (Kandampully, 1997).The concept of service quality comprises the tangible and intangible fundamentals most essential to consumers. Service quality has been related to customer satisfaction, contentment and loyalty as well as the business performance, success and profitability (Lasser, 2000). Branding and its orientation have been wicker strongly into the contemporary act of consumption in restaurants. Undeniably, the previous century will be considered as the century of brands in marketing (Caldwell, 2000). As in numerous other industries, edifice brands have become a key focus of restaurant managers. Furthermore, restaurant managers are relating brand management theories and practices which have done so far, and lots of restaurants are redesigning their business missions to imitate branding orientation rather than they go for product orientation. There is also an influence of brand recall on consumers intensions in choosing a restaurant for dining due to the different discount offers through different mediums of advertising that mostly include the below the line activities that makes restaurants brands that diminish the perceived risk of pay for the food and also indicate the quality of the product that creates their willingness to make wider positive word of mouth, recommendations, and complaint intention (David Njite, 2005; Muller, 1998). Branding keeps on gaining importance in the marketing of restaurants services and marketers have spent lot of money to create and give support to brand images. This have seen in the marketing of strong and well defined brands like Mc Donalds and Kfc fast food restaurants which attracts the customer through their marketing , service and by making brand loyal customers of their products. This increases the re-patronage rate due to satisfied and loyal customer. Particularly, there is lot more to discern about patrons perceive restaurant brands and the comparative weight these links get during purchase decision as there is lot more to discern about patrons perceive restaurant brands and the comparative weight these links get during purchase decision (David Njite, 2005; Muller, 1998). Researchers have acknowledged customer satisfaction, service quality and the loyalty to be similarly important for marketers, because they are responsible for determining dining satisfaction, and they must know the important of dining that must position restaurant functions competitively in the current and future marketplace (Bitner, 1992). Customer satisfaction and the quality of food have long been acknowledged as a essential function for success and endurance in competitive marketplace that have been connected to consumer behavioral intentions as purchase and loyalty intention, their willingness to widen positive word of mouth, recommendation, and complaint intention (Olsen, 2002). The relative significance of a service characteristic and attributes depends on how greatly the re-patronage purchase objective distorted as soon as the level of the attribute distorted (Dube, Laurette, Renaghan, Leo M, Miller, Jane M, 1994) Testing customer demands mean that management of the restaurant must make an effort to deliver not only quality food stuffs and services, but at the same time a high level of dining satisfaction that will lead to increased customer return results in re-patronage of customer and greater market share(John Reece, Robert Inbakaran, JaksÃÆ'?a Kivela , 1999). The consequence of customer satisfaction and contentment in relation to possession rates, return rates and equally management researchers and experts in the generosity field have long urged profitability (Almanza et al, 1994). The amount of customer satisfaction study has improved considerably since the early 1970s, and for the duration of this era, customer satisfaction come into view as a genuine field of enquiry. Come up from this study, a number of theories involving to customer satisfaction contain emerged and were bring in to the literature. The majority of these were attached in cognitive psychology for the reason that of the narrow description of customer satisfaction in earlier research and studies and a few have received reasonable consideration in the literature (JaksÃÆ'?a Kivela, Robert Inbakaran, John Reece, 1999) Purchase behavior of the consumer in restaurants can be pretentious by the surroundings in different ways. We consider atmosphere, which is an attention-building medium that can make restaurant inkling. The center of attention is based on the collective possessions of those clues on customers idiosyncratic through design, sound, motion, and color. Customers are delimited by true rock and roll memorabilia. As a meaning- generating medium, the environment gives discriminative motivation to buyers that facilitate them to identify a restaurants divergences as a source for select that restaurant. For instance, snowy white linen tablecloths, the soft lighting, and crystal chandeliers of a chic restaurant communicate the level of service and a kind of food to customers that create a fine-dining experience (Berry, L, 2006). The indication of Service in selecting by means of restaurant services, customers frequently act like detectives as they investigate for information and standardize their opinions into a set of mind-set regarding the resultant service. For example, the whole thing about the dining attributes of a restaurant or cafÃÆ'Â © starts from the dining table potential communicate to the customers, with the table top used, if practical sign concern the technical excellence of the service, mainly concerning to whether the service is carry out proficiently Eileen (A. Wall and Leonard L. Berry, 2007). Customer satisfaction, preferences and re-patronage also depends on the taste and freshness of the food in a restaurant that is the main functional clue which is the suitable pacing of the food. Tone of voice, level of enthusiasm smile of a restaurant hostess, body language and sincere greeting of the service employees has a positive impact on customer re-patronage. Customer feels belongingness and sense of affection and importance which makes them satisfy which leads to the brand loyalty for that particular restaurant resulting in the customer re-patronage due to the above mentioned dining attributes which includes functional clues, humanic clues and mechanical clues (Eileen A. Wall and Leonard L. Berry, 2007). Fundamentals such as surface and texture, smell, color, sound, and texture inducing intuitive reactions in restaurant atmosphere that persuades purchase likelihood known as the mechanical clues. For paradigm, the aroma of chocolate chip cookies baking generates affectionate feelings, and stimulates their enthusiasm for a treat (Berry, L. L., E. A. Wall, and L. P. Carbone. 2006). The food and service dining attributes includes the assortment, quality of the menu and presentation of food and beverage offerings (Palmer, A., ONeill, M. 2003). Using this information, restaurant management should focus their efforts and hard work on ensuring an appealing assortment of drink offerings presented in appealing and unique ways. Food and drink quality is an imperative dining attributes to diners representing restaurant management should certify an aggressive quality control agenda is in place to make sure food and drink quality must maintained (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). Food quality is obviously one of the key success factors of any restaurant to satisfy the customer but if there is any rude, bored rigid or an unfriendly server can be the point of fact to spoil the customers restaurant experience still if the food was prepared appropriately (Parsa, H. G., J. T. Self, D. Njite, and T. King. 2005). The importance of the perceived quality in order to get the re-patronage effect in restaurant industry is always considered as a main element to retain in the patrons and the business. The main reason behind that in this industry entry barrier are usually low and any one can easily enter due to investment required that is not on the higher side. So the point is that when ever consumer is satisfy from the arrangement by the management, the quality of the food provided by the staff members with the positive attitude than this result in increasing the loyalty towards the particular restaurant and increases the re-patronage intensions of the customers. This increases in the restaurant business revenue as well and this increases the word of mouth publicity (Bowen and Cummings 1990). Evaluating quality awareness and price elasticity related to quality, suggested that buyers are generally steady in their evaluations of quality. The results of their study showed that there was a strong association between a products attributes and the quality perceptions of the customers (Saleh, F. Ryan, C, 1991).The research also highlighted that customers who pay for high quality foodstuffs also had a low acceptance for deviations from predictable quality (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009) In the restaurant perspective, this entails that customers who want superior dining quality are more sensitive to quality fluctuations and possibly will be less price sensitive but, for example in relation to the relative higher pricing of the menu items and marketing strategies that put together the quality image of the restaurant, ambience and service (Raajpoot, N. A. 2002). Another attention-grabbing finding was that a products higher volume rate like for instance, fast food restaurants resulted in a lower sensitivity side to quality. This shows that management of restaurants must segment the market based on the food usage rate includes the repeat purchase of the particular item and quality preferred (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). The previous research shows the effect of physical quality construct on behavioral intentions for restaurant consumer and finds that influence is a strong moderator between tangible quality constructs and behavioral intentions when cognition affect actions archetype is applied to the restaurant location (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). It was found that tangible quality has a bigger circumlocutory effect than the straight effect indicates from a theoretical point of view; affect was a fractional mediator, facilitating the association among tangible quality and behavior (Wakefield, K., L., Blodgett, J., G., 1996). Tangible quality on its own may have a weaker influence and effect on behavior, but it helps in developing feelings and sense of attachment towards the restaurant, which results in a stronger influence on behavior. Restaurants supposed to strive for enlightening positive feelings to their brand name by maneuvering tangible attributes (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). An intangible service delivery element is not surprisingly the most noteworthy constructs influencing customer affect to restaurants are food and service, staff, and convenience (Sureshchander, G. S., Rajendran, C., Anatharaman, R., N. 2002). Customers craving high quality products suitably prepared and will reward restaurant management with their devotion and loyalty. The consumption of seasonal foodstuffs, awareness of existing trends in menu offerings and preparation, and the audacity to initiate new techniques of preparation of conventional stuff are some implication for restaurant management (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). As an outcome, the restaurants whole environment of service, the atmospherics of feelings of the surroundings is always very imperative in seminal both patrons and front line staff attitude about the procedures and service delivery outcome. This entails that, it was very important that the awareness of the tangible pressure on service quality, such as the substantial and physical facilities, and the appearance of personnel (Bowen and Cummings 1990). The team build addresses the identical, approach, and gender mix. The importance of gender mix is important for management so that they understand the importance of diversity of gender in their service workforce. Member of staff serving at table received larger tips from patrons who are the opposed gender than from patrons comparing to the one who is same in gender (Hubbard et al., 2003). It is likely to conclude from the larger tips received from server of the opposite sex that the restaurant patrons take pleasure in being served by the server of the opposite sex, so it is suggested to the management to make sure that there should be a mix of genders within the service staff. Therefore researcher believes that it is safe to put together the allegation that the selection of persons with an optimistic service orientation is in the superlative interests of restaurant management (Hubbard et al., 2003). There is significance of the Costumes worn by restaurant service workers are considerable to customer satisfaction. They bring into being that service staff uniforms positively added to the overall player satisfaction (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). One more factor for the customer re-patronage which really brings customers back is that the customer likes to have a positive attitude of employee throughout the dining as a support for the disputation that employee approach is strongly linked with customer satisfaction. Ease and the location of the restaurant is also considerable and also the other factor influence customers to select that particular restaurant which satisfy their needs and wants regarding quality of the food and the restaurant environment. This leads in the increase of the re-patronage rate and the loyalty of the customers towards that restaurant diners have an effect on restaurant (Johnson et al, 2004). The convenience of location includes the parking space, seating availability in the restaurant; the nearness to roof-tops like peoples residence, hotels, and motels is significant for the accomplishment of restaurants all through the dinner mealtime duration. The consequences of well-situated parking must not be the lost upon restaurant management. Often the cost of attaining parking near to a restaurant is sighted as a non-revenue generating expenditure. This specifies the value of given that well-located parking along with the direct consequence it has on consumer intentions to patronize a restaurant (Kuo et al. 1999). The significance of the physical excellence raise of foodstuff and service and convenience to restaurant administration is to facilitate these constructs that have an affirmative association with influence which is completely linked with customer intentions to re-patronize a restaurant. The objective of most restaurants is to obtain and maintain customers; restaurant administration organized with the information get that will be better prepared to accomplish their aim (Dr. Clark Kincaid, Prof. Seyhmus Baloglu, Dr. Zhenxing Mao, Dr. James Busser, 2009). The front line workforce should be well trained to be extra quick to responsive and susceptible to customer desires; accordingly providing services to facilitate that are more proficient, successful, effective and efficient. Adding up, the atmosphere of the restaurant can also be enhanced by make certain cleanliness and favorable ambience with suitable music and lighting (Yap Sheau Fen, Kew Mei Lian). There is a intense deficient in understanding about dining satisfaction and pleasure and post-dining behavioral intentions in the customer literature reviewed studied so far away, and up till now, according to the literature allude to, aspects concerning to customer satisfaction and return patronage are elementary when put together business and marketing strategies of the organization. It is suggested that commonly and normally used indicators of customer satisfaction comprise repeat patronage behavior, brand loyalty and reliability and at last word of mouth recommendation (Lowenstein 1995). The basics or attributes of patron pleasure be supposed to give intimation concerning what proceedings a food restaurant manager ought to take to raise the chances that patrons will appear back. Managing for most favorable buyer happiness requires that liking information is used to put forward those strategies that can help a restaurant business manager can boost up its performance (Dube, Laurette, Renaghan, Leo M, Miller, Jane M, 1994). The features of satisfied patrons illustrated that the satisfaction with a food eaten results beginning a convergence of quite a few attributes, together with food superiority, menu assortment, environment, consistency of a food quality, and waiting time for a meal to deliver. For every potential development in service blueprint, managers must ballpark figure the marginal variation in satisfaction and reiterate purchase that would affect commencing a particular change in the standards of operations (Dube, Laurette, Renaghan, Leo M, Miller, Jane M, 1994). In restaurants tangibles are appropriate to the restaurants physical facilities, paraphernalia and manifestation of personnel. While restaurant patrons do not take delivery of only serving of food, but also a huge component of service, they undeniably depend on erstwhile indication in the deficiency of tangible verification by which to measure service quality (Yun Lok Lee and Nerilee Hing, 1995). Whenever we talk about Customer satisfaction, consistency refers to the administration 0f the organisations capability to execute the agreed service reliably and precisely. In restaurants this may well engage reservations of dining tables, obedience to patron requirements concerning the preparation of items listed in the menu and exact billing. This helps the management to retain their existing customers and at same time attracts the different other customers (Yun Lok Lee and Nerilee Hing, 1995). In the case of customer satisfaction Receptiveness refers to the eagerness of service giver to facilitate patrons and make available quick service. Professed service quality may perhaps be improved if patrons are support with the mauve list and bill of fare and if a worker responds suitably to a patrons asked for quick service. Customer always feel admire and important if they ge

The Influences Of Rational Thought On Western Civilization :: Philosophy Ration

The Greek's notion of rational thought is a very strong reason why Western Civilization has become so influential in the world today. During their time, the Greeks spurred an intellectual revolution. They questioned the meanings of life and began using their minds to expand the world. According to Glenn Blackburn: "In many ways, they "discovered" the human "mind" through their philosophy and rational thought [ . . . ]"(64). Their "opening" of the mind influenced all ways of life and society. Major ideas blossomed like politics, governing laws, literature, art, history, and new inventions. Scientific thinking was groundbreaking among Greek minds. Ideas of mathematics, astronomy, architecture, and anatomy engrossed the public. This revolution of rational thought dominated society and began a transition in Western Civilization because people began using reason to explain human and natural events, rather than the gods (Blackburn, 67). Even today, rational thought is used by al l of us and continues to influence society. The power of the modern mind has proved greater than any other Greek could have ever expected. The creation of rational thought began in the Greek city of Ionia. The citizens there were open to new ideas and influenced by traders from around the world. Laws were invented by these Ionians and written down to express the will of their society. The greatest and most recognized Ionian thinker was a man named Thales of Miletues. Considered one of the seven ""wises men" of the day, Thales contemplated water and its connection with the universe. Blackburn remarks that Thales ideas: "mark[ed] an important change in western scientific thought" (68). Thales also used I statements when he philosophized marking for the first time in history a human used reason and the rational mind. Other philosophers surfaced in Ionia during this period creating the study of the "cosmos," or universe. They also founded the study of past human affairs or history. This new idea of rational thought spread to the Greek capitol, Athens. Here politics and democracy exploded. Politicians and citizens were now able to debate issues and question justice. This form of independent thinking brought great pride and self-confidence to members of the Greek society. This allowed for huge successes for further philosophy, architecture, art, mathematics, anatomy, botany, literature, and creativity. Among the most famous of the Greek philosophers were Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.

Problem faced by indian farmers and suggestions Essay

Earlier there was a problem for some credit for farmers, now it is easy to some extent. So the credit is not a problem for the farmers but after production there is, because of not having adequate storage facility some perishable vegetables farmers cannot store it for longer times. So the storage facility and the transportation facilities both should be in the modern line. Actually second thing is the price, price of the produce because whenever the farmer product the price now so low so sometimes it is not remunerative business for farmers. Particularly in fruits this thing happens much because if I grow grain crops then I can store for a longer time but for the fruit crops it is not possible for me. So I have to dispose it off in any market at any price or any rate. So marketing is sometimes a problem. So if both problem solves I think farmer have a good day in future. I am selling through the mandis, through the regulated markets I am selling through the APMC, the agriculture produce market committee in Gujarat. But here in this regular market also there is no say for farmers. Farmers have to stand up there, there is no facility available in the local market for grading and storing. Second thing in the present market also the dalals and wholesalers have their more say than farmers, that is the problem. Solution: According to me the solution could be – In the regulated market, the local market government should enhance the facility for storage as well as grading at the market levels so that our produce can be go for export also. There should be a platform for farmers to decide his price on that.

Increased interdependence among nations Essays

Increased interdependence among nations Essays Increased interdependence among nations Essay Increased interdependence among nations Essay Globalization has made it easier for nations to obtain the goods or services that they need from other countries. With the assurance that they can easily import life essentials such as food and clothing, many countries have reduced or completely stopped the manufacturing of these products. They instead focus their energy on offering financial services or medical services to other nations. One such country is India (Boudreaux 68). Most third world countries rely on developed countries for the provision of machinery and computers. This arrangement is beneficial to all the parties involved. However, it is not stable as it appears to the naked eye. If something should happen to cause further destabilization, then all the parties involved will suffer (Weinstein 98). If, for instance, a developing country that relies on a developed country for machinery lacks the capital required for importation, many businesses in that county will suffer. All countries are financially dependent on their trade partners. The U.S. dollar is used as the world currency in the financial market. Today, the U.S. economy is much stable than it was during the Great Depression. However, should the U.S. economy fall or destabilize, all other countries will face the consequences as well. The only nations that will be safe in such a situation are those that are fully dependent on globalization for their survival (Weinstein 165). Many of these nations are the third world countries, especially in Africa, that are believed to have nothing to offer to the world economy. Increased Rate of Unemployment Since the 2008 economic recession, the rate of unemployment in the U.S.A. and many developed countries has gradually gone up. Contrary to this, developing countries are experiencing a much lower rate of unemployment (Boudreaux 150). The wage policies and environmental protection laws in developing countries are much lower compared to those in the developed countries. Because of this, many corporations are investing in developing countries, hence creating more jobs. More job opportunities are lost to the developing countries due to frequent capital transfers from the developed nations (Boudreaux 154). To solve unemployment in the developed countries, more protectionism laws need to be put in place by the developing countries (Weinstein 189). These laws will protect the workers from developing countries from exploitation by the multinational corporations that are out to make more profits by hiring cheap labor. Developing countries are importing more products from the developed countries. The result of this is the closing down of many local industries, hence increased rate of unemployment (Boudreaux 134). One way of reducing unemployment in the developing nations is to regulate imports and encourage local production of good, thus creating more job opportunities. Exploitation of Developing Countries At the onset of globalization, there was the glamour of people having the chance to world oversees and conduct their business with much ease. While this has become a reality for many people, the negative impacts of the same are just beginning. Globalization has made it easier for the transferability of industries and jobs to the developing countries (Weinstein 186). All this is an attempt to lower production costs, have a lower wage bill and increase profitability in the corporation. Today, many U.S. industries have shifted their operation to either China, India or in some parts of Asia. A similar situation is developing in Australia. China, India and Asian countries produce goods at lower costs due to availability of raw materials. They also offer cheaper labor compared to the developed countries. The companies make more profits. The profits go back to the developed countries for more development. The third world countries are left struggling economically, despite the fact that they are in charge of manufacturing (Weinstein 197). The transfer of jobs to the developing countries may be viewed as a way of creating more jobs. However, it comes at a big cost as many people are paid less than $3 per hour. With the current living standards, this is barely enough to put food on the table. This can be solved by the developing countries putting into place better wage policies for their citizens. Before accepting to manufacture goods for a developed country, developing nations should sign contracts that call for financial benefits. The profits should also be reinvested in the developing country that production is taking place. Corporations should also be advised to pursue a more realistic approach to making profits (Casper 124). One such approach is one used by Henry Ford, where he paid his workers enough money that they could afford to purchase the same products that they were manufacturing. The lack of government regulation is another factor that contributes to the exploitation of third world countries. The governments in these nations need to step up to defend their economies and citizens. Establishment of minimum wage rates will help the people live better lives. Government agencies need to be created to help in the regulation of multinational companies that set base in developing countries. Cultural Erosion The observable impact of globalization is cultural erosion, especially in the developing countries. Prior to modernization and globalization, developing countries held their traditional way of life dearly. Their mode of dressing, eating habits, socialization of children, the value of placed on marriage and other cultural practices were passed from one generation to another. Today, the western culture is more prevalent in the world (Boudreaux 234). Few countries have held to their originality as many have taken up what is in fashion today. Today, practices such as alcoholism, drug abuse, sexual immorality and divorce are at an all-time high. It is high time that traditional values are brought back to the society before moral degradation destroys us. We still have our grandparents who can play the role of reminding us what their ancestors practiced. Cultural exhibitions should be held frequently to remind the youths of their roots. Increased Competition in the Market Due to globalization, many countries have eased up their trade regulations. This has made it easy for external companies to penetrate local markets, posing a threat to their operations. Multinational companies are able to set base in any country they so desire due to free trade policies and availability of capital. More businesses have come up, as people try to take advantage of the cheap labor, easier modes of transportation and higher demand of good and services, both locally and internationally (Weinstein 203). Each new business tries to outdo the other in terms of offering better products and services at affordable prices. This competition is healthy and dangerous at the same time. In a bid to lower prices, many companies are offering counterfeit products, which could be harmful to the consumers (Dollahite and Haun 156). Policies need to be put in place to regulate the number of businesses within a particular sector. This will help to control competition and reduce instances of fake and low quality products. Increased Health Hazards As mentioned before, globalization has caused serious environmental pollution. More industries have come up because of globalization. Many nations lack strict environmental laws. Industries have taken advantage of this fact by emitting dangerous gases into the air while manufacturing their products (Boudreaux 253). This has caused air pollution, which has in turn resulted into more air borne ailments. Today, asthma, pneumonia and respiratory diseases are at an all-time high because of breathing in polluted air. The noise made by the industries in the course of their operations has caused serious damage on the hearing of the employees and the people living close to the industries (Haldar 202). Waterborne diseases such as cholera and typhoid are on the rise due to disposal of waste products in water sources. Many industries lack proper waste disposal methods. They dispose their waste products haphazardly, completely ignoring the dangers associated with a dirty environment. Many trees have been cut down to create space for the creation of more industries. This habit has resulted in less rain for many countries. In the end, this has resulted in soil erosion, drought and famine (Haldar 230). These events have caused the death of so many people due to starvation. Every country needs to come up with strict environmental laws. Hefty penalties should be put in place for any individual or company that is caught polluting the environment. Social groups should involve themselves more in environmental clean-ups. In conclusion, globalization has achieved its potential but has caused several negative effects that are doing more harm to the people. It is imperative that globalization be redesigned in such a way that its negative impacts are reduced. Bearing in mind that globalization affects important areas such as democracy, the environment and the economy, policies should be put into place to regulate it. Developing countries need to step up and offer financial and planning aid to the developing countries. There is need to restructure the current international financial system to cater for the needs of both poor and rich nations. Globalization is meant to improve the living standards of all those involved. For this to be achieved, a human face needs to be put in globalization. Bibliography Boudreaux, Donald J. Globalization. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press, 2008. Casper, J. K. Changing Ecosystems: Effects of Global Warming. New York: Infobase Pub. , 2010. Dollahite, Nancy E and Julie Haun. Sourcework : academic writing from sources. Boston : Heinle/Cengage Learning, 2012. Haldar, I. Global warming: The causes and consequences. New Delhi: Mind Melodies. , 2011. Houghton, J. T. Global warming: The complete briefing. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Jones, L., Fraser Institute. Global warming: The science and the politics. . Vancouver: Fraser Inst., 1997. Weinstein, Michael M. Globalization : whats new? New York: Columbia Univ. Press, 2005.

Jack in the Box Franchise Essays

Jack in the Box Franchise Essays Jack in the Box Franchise Essay Jack in the Box Franchise Essay What is Jack in The Box? Jack in the Box is a fast food burger restaurant that serves everything from breakfast sandwiches to tacos and egg rolls. Jack in the box was founded in 1952 by a business man named Robert O. Patterson who opened the first Jack in the Box in San Francisco, California. The restaurant first started off as a drive-thru only place that served burgers for just 18 cents to motorist on the highway. Now the restaurant and their trademark clown are among the nation’s leading fast-food hamburger chains with over 2,200 restaurants in 19 states. Financial Condition As of August 2011 Jack in the box has made $150 million dollars and has opened 6 new restaurants since December 2010. Jack in the Box has also become one of the top fast-food places in the nation, and has only closed a total of 6 restaurants out of the 2,200 they have in the nation. Requirements for Franchising To open a restaurant candidates must have a number of qualifications. Some of these qualifications are franchise and restaurant management experience, a net worth of $1,500,000, the ability to develop at least 5 more restaurants, and a passion for the restaurant industry. Why it will be successful I believe Jack in the Box can be successful in Bloomington/Normal because there menu offers a variety of foods that other fast food places don’t such as churros, egg rolls, tacos, funnel cakes, cheesecakes, etc. There prices could also compete with other restaurants such as steak n shake, and Sonic with a Sirloin Cheeseburger being only $4. 00. There dollar menu also offers more options than McDonalds with them serving 2 tacos, jumbo hamburgers, salads, and egg rolls just to name a few. Qdoba is also a sister restaurant of Jack in the Box, and has been doing well in twon. Where it would be located I would put the restaurant in the plaza where the Schnucks was recently built or by Moe’s Southwest grill. I think this location would be best because there aren’t too many fast food places over there except Wendy’s. There would just be one in town for now until the company knows for sure that the restaurant is in high demand and is making profit. There could also be opportunities in adding another restaurant in Champaign, IL on University of Illinois’s campus. This location could lead to a big success for the company because of the thousands of college students that live there and Champaign is also seen as a vacation spot. Risks Some risks with opening a Jack in the Box is that there are already many hamburger restaurants in Bloomington/Normal with McDonalds with a majority of them so adding another would overwhelm people in the community. Opening this restaurant would be a high risk because of the already established fast-food restaurants that are in Bloomington/Normal make up a big majority of the market.

Totalitarianism - World history Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Totalitarianism - World history - Essay Example Some of the popular totalitarian leaders such as Hitler of Germany and Stalin of Soviet union can be used as an example of those who used special secret police to spy on and punish those who criticized their authority. Hitler used the Gestapo to punish those who went against the Nazi ideologies (Lloyd 2011). As stated earlier, totalitarian rule does not accord any importance to basic human rights. In Germany for example, Hitler blamed the Jews for the increased unemployment rate in the country, which was untrue as such was as a result of the great depression in 1930s. Consequently, thousands of Jews were incarcerated without fair trial and others were murdered in the process. Stalin on the other hand introduced collective farming, which forced numerous peasant farmers to give up their land, a policy which was highly criticized and which led to massive killings of those who opposed it. Freedom of expression in such a rule is also hard to find as the ruling party takes control of all m edia, in order to ensure that reporting is done in a biased manner favorable to the government.

Server Virtualization Paper Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Server Virtualization - Term Paper Example These issues become a challenge when the business is unable to respond urgently due to budget constraints. Virtualization has proven to be a reliable solution in responding to problems associated with declining floor space and power. Virtualization is exemplified best in virtual memory where computer system software is capable of utilizing more memory than is physically available. This is made possible through the swapping process that allows data to be placed at the background of hard disk. Recent developments have seen this concept being applied in server hardware, networks, laptops, system software and application software. The widespread application of virtualization is due to the fact that most of the system processing resources are normally underutilized. Simply put, much of system time is wasted given that most systems and their applications spend a considerable amount of their time in idle states (Kusnetzky, etal. 2011). Virtualization technology allows more work to be done f rom a single hardware. By creating more than one virtual machine in a single server or laptop, a business executive is able to optimize his or her system resource. This is possible since the technology is non-disruptive and it does not interfere with normal functioning of the system. With the level of abstraction given by virtualization IT managers are able to respond to urgent needs of an organization and to implement cost effective IT infrastructure. This is possible because the managers have a quick access to a centralized pool of resources. Virtualization makes it possible for hardware to function independent of applications and system. In addition, this technology enables virtual machines to be installed in any system. Also, management of operation system and application as a single unit is made possible by incorporating them into virtual machines (Kusnetzky, etal. 2011). Incase a server is overloaded; virtual machines can be deployed to a different server. This ensures that sy stem response time is not compromised and that a system is not underutilized. When the workload goes down, the virtual machines can be incorporated back to their original server so as to cut down costs by saving power. Few years ago it was not possible to exploit full potential of virtualization. This was because it was impossible deploying virtual machines in a secure environment. Server and network administrators at the time had difficulties managing virtual environment since routers and switches were not compatible with virtual machines. Nevertheless, with virtualization, management of resources was fairly easy since applications were readily available. In case a server encountered problems, virtual machines within it were readily restarted in a separate hardware. However, with automatic deployment made possible, efficiency is greatly improved since it is possible to move a virtual machine ahead of time in case a system administrator decides to service the server or to shut it do wn for some other reason. Virtualization has evolved to an extent that network vendors are able to perform certain activities which they could not few years ago. The development of BLADE network technology has seen the launch of switches (VMready) that have solved most of previous experienced problems. The switches readily recognize virtual machines within servers. The switch is also compatible with almost all Hypervisors e.g. Microsoft, VMware, Red Hat etc (Kusnetzky, etal.